The hierarchy of needs is one of the best-known theories of motivation. Created by psychologist Abraham Maslow, the hierarchy is often displayed as a pyramid, with the most basic needs at the bottom and more complex needs at the peak.
The four lowest-level needs are what Maslow referred to as D-needs (or deficiency needs). These needs are due to a lack of something and need to be satisfied in order to avoid unpleasant feelings and to move on to higher level needs.
1. Physiological needs (basic issues of survival such as salary and stable employment )
2. Security needs (stable physical and emotional environment issues such as benefits, pension, safe work environment and fair work practices)
2. Security needs (stable physical and emotional environment issues such as benefits, pension, safe work environment and fair work practices)
Personal security, financial security, health and well-being, safety net against accidents, illness and their adverse impacts
3. Love and belongings(social acceptance issues such as friendship or cooperation on the job)
4. Esteem needs (positive self-image and respect and recognition issues such as job titles ,nice work spaces, and
. such as workplace prestigious job assignments)
PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS
The basic physiological needs are probably fairly apparent – these include the things that are vital to our survival. Some examples of the physiological needs include:
- Food
- Water
- Breathing
- Home
Safety and security needs make up the second level of the hierarchy. Photo Credit: David Jakle / Image Source / Getty Images
As we move up to the second level of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, the requirements start to become a bit more complex. At this level, the needs for security and safety become primary. People want control and order in their lives, so this need for safety and security contributes largely to behaviors at this level.
Some of the basic security and safety needs include:
- Financial security
- Heath and wellness
- Safety against accidents
Social Needs
Social needs make up the third level of the needs hierarchy. Photo Credit: Peathegee Inc / Blend Images / Getty Images
The social needs in Maslow’s hierarchy include such things as love, acceptance and belonging. At this level, the need for emotional relationships drives human behavior. Some of the things that satisfy this need include:
- Friendships
- Romantic attachments
- Family
- Social groups
- Community groups
Esteem Needs
Esteem needs make up the fourth level of the needs hierarchy. Photo Credit: Tom Merton / Caiaimage / Getty Images
At the fourth level in Maslow’s hierarchy is the need for appreciation and respect. When the needs at the bottom three levels have been satisfied, the esteem needs begin to play a more prominent role in motivating behavior.
Esteem needs make up the fourth level of the needs hierarchy. Photo Credit: Tom Merton / Caiaimage / Getty Images
At the fourth level in Maslow’s hierarchy is the need for appreciation and respect. When the needs at the bottom three levels have been satisfied, the esteem needs begin to play a more prominent role in motivating behavior.
Self-Actualization Needs
Self-actualizing needs are at the fifth level of the needs hierarchy. Photo Credit: Philip and Karen Smith / The Image Bank / Getty Images
At the very peak of Maslow’s hierarchy are the self-actualization needs. "What a man can be, he must be," Maslow explained, referring to the need people have to achieve their full potential as human beings.
According to Maslow’s definition of self-actualization:
"It may be loosely described as the full use and exploitation of talents, capabilities, potentialities, etc. Such people seem to be fulfilling themselves and to be doing the best that they are capable of doing... They are people who have developed or are developing to the full stature of which they capable.
Is getting an A in the class more important than eating? If the person of your dreams told you were marvelous , would you that motivate you to throw yourself in front of a car for the person's safety? According to the humanistic theorist Abraham Maslow (1954-1971), our basis of needs must be satisfied before our higher needs can be. Maslows hierarchy of needs states that individual's main needs are satisfied in the following sequence : physiological safety, love and belongings , esteem and self actualization. According to this hierarchy, people are motivated to satisfy their need for food first, and their need for safety must be satisfied before their need for love . The idea that human motives are hierarchically arranged is an appealing one . Maslows theory stimulates us to think about the ordering of motives in our own lives. However, the ordering of the needs is somewhat subjective.Some people might seek greatness in a career to achieve self esteem, while putting on hold their needs for love and belongings .
SOURCE:http://psychology.about.com/od/theoriesofpersonality/ss/maslows-needs-hierarchy.htm
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